Head and Neck Anatomy



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DENTAL:

Netter Plate Number: 51

There are 32 permanent adult teeth numbered 1 to 32 from right maxilla to left maxilla, to left mandible to right mandible.
Children have 20 deciduous teeth lettered from A to T in the same arrangement.
Embrasures- wedged-shaped open areas between the contact points, existing in four dimensions: occlusal (or incisal), buccal, lingual, and gingival (or interproximal).
Dentin forms the main bulk of the tooth wrapped by enamel in the crown and of cementum covering the root.
Cementum is a bone-like outer surface of the root. The crown and root interface at the cemento-enamel junction.
The pulp is the neurovascular organ of the tooth and is completely encased by dentin. It is divided into the pulp chamber and one or more pulp root canals.

The anatomic crown is the part of the tooth covered by enamel, whereas the clinical crown is only the part that projects into the oral cavity.

Of another clinical note, the presence of the tooth is necessary to maintain the alveolar bone. The shearing forces provided while eating are necessary for modeling/remodeling purposes. When this is lost, the underlying bone simply degenerates. This is significant when designing dentures, as loss of alveolar bone further exposes the mental nerve, making it difficult to eat due to pressures on this nerve.


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These descriptions were designed to accompany Netter Anatomy Plates. I would like to thank Dr. Thomas Gest, and Dr. William Burkel of the University of Michigan, Department of Anatomy for their assistance in the creation of these files.

Please address any comments or questions to Andrew Heaford.